pyrrolochinolinechinonpoeder

pyrroloquinoline quinone powder is an aromatic water-soluble quinone with chemical properties similar to those of ascorbic acid, riboflavin, and pyridoxal-5-phosphate combined into one molecule. For example, both the oxidized (PQQ ox) and reduced (PQQH 2 ) forms of PQQ undergo redox cycling. PQQ is also used as a dehydrogenase cofactor, free radical scavenger and amine oxidase catalyst. PQQ is highly electrophilic and reacts with many substances such as various carbonyl reagents such as hydrazine, hydroxylamine and semicarbazides. In addition, PQQ forms complexes with acetone, aminoguanidine, urea, various diamines, and divalent metals. In addition, PQQ reacts with ammonia to form iminoquinones, lactones under acidic conditions, and dihydrates under neutral and alkaline conditions.

PQQ does not readily autoxidize or condense into inactive forms. Therefore, when compared on a molar basis, PQQ is 100 to 1000 times more efficient in redox cycling assays than other enediols such as ascorbic acid and menadione, as well as many isoflavones, phytoalexins, and polyphenolic compounds. As a redox cofactor, PQQ is able to catalyze sequential redox reactions involving the oxidation of thiols, riboflavin, ubiquinone, terminal cytochromes, -tocopheryl radicals, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactors. As an antioxidant, PQQH 2 can act as an aryloxyl radical scavenger, even better than alpha-tocopherol against peroxyl radicals. Furthermore, combined with -tocopherol, PQQH 2 can protect -tocopherol by reducing -tocopherol free radicals generated during the oxidation of polyunsaturated lipids.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8533503/

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When your body breaks down food into energy, it also produces free radicals. Normally, your body can get rid of free radicals, but when there are too many free radicals, they can cause damage that can lead to chronic disease. Antioxidants fight free radicals.PQQ is an antioxidant that, according to research, is more effective than vitamin C at fighting free radicals. Antioxidants work better synergistically, so it's unclear whether taking PQQ alone as a supplement would help prevent any disease. One study tested a PQQ supplement in men who performed 6 weeks of aerobic exercise. It increases mitochondria by affecting certain proteins during exercise. 

(2) Anti-diabetic.

(3) Anti-inflammatory.

PQQ may reduce inflammation by lowering C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and other markers in the blood. ‌‌‌
 

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PQQ in food is different from PQQ supplements. These supplements are usually powders, made through a bacterial fermentation process. The maximum recommended daily dose for adults is 20 mg, except for pregnant or breastfeeding women. This supplement contains 250 times more PQQ than you get from food. In the few human studies of PQQ, there were no side effects with short-term use. There were no reports of allergy or toxicity.

A novel aspect of PQQ is its biosynthesis in bacteria from the ribosome-translated precursor peptide PqqA ( UniProt P27532 ). In the first step of PqqA modification, glutamate and tyrosine in PqqA are cross-linked by the radical SAM enzyme PqqE ( P07782 ) with the help of PqqD ( P07781 ). The protease then releases the Glu-Tyr molecule from the peptide backbone. PqqB ( P07779 ) oxidizes the 2 and 3 positions on the tyrosine ring to form a quinone, which rapidly becomes AHQQ and completes the pyridine ring. PqqC ( P07780 ) then forms the final pyrrole ring.